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The Legislative Process in the UK

This section of my website is intended to give details of the legal framework within which energy healers work in England.

This page should be read in conjunction with the Legal Guidance Notices posted to this website.

The narrative below attempts to give an indication of the legislative framework within which our laws have been passed over the years. In England, the law that is relevant to the work that we do is either English law or UK law. The situation is different for people living elsewhere in the UK or offshore. Outside of England the relevant legislation might be UK based, English based or locally based.

Where possible, I will be posting to this website transcripts of the legislation relevant to England. If you do not live in England, it might be necessary for you to check whether there is any similar local law within which you need to work.

The Law in Wales

Following the defeat of Llewelyn and the conquest of Wales by King Edward 1 in 1284, English Law was introduced into Wales but Wales continued to operate its legal system separate to that of England. This situation continued even after the passing of the Laws in Wales Acts 1535-1542 which annexed Wales to England but came to an end with the passing of the Wales and Berwick Act 1746. The consequence of this Act was that in terms of future laws England would be deemed to include Wales and Berwick-on-Tweed. This Act was repealed in 1967. From 1967, although laws were passed as being for England and Wales, Wales did not have its own legislative assembly and its laws originated from Westminster. The Government of Wales Act 1998 gave the new National Assembly for Wales local legislative powers but with Westminster retaining legislative control over issues of UK importance. The legislation affecting healers in Wales, therefore, will be a mixture of English Law, English and Welsh Law, UK Law, and Welsh Law.

The Law in Scotland

Prior to the Union with England, Scotland had developed its own legal system with its roots based in earlier Roman Law and was different to English Law. After the Act of Union in 1707, the Parliaments of England and Scotland were abolished and replaced by the Parliament for the new Kingdom of Great Britain. This in turn was replaced by the later Parliament for the United Kingdom which included Ireland. Although there continued to be separate English and Scottish legal systems, news laws were passed for England and Scotland both together and separately by Parliament. Scottish law continued to be based in its earlier Roman roots but with English influences. The Scotland Act 1998 gave the new Scottish Parliament local legislative powers but with Westminster retaining legislative control over issues of UK importance. The legislation affecting healers in Scotland, therefore, will be a mixture of UK Law and local Scottish Law. In terms of the way in which the law affects healers in Scotland, they should check whether UK or local law applies in the same way as the laws applying to England that I am posting to this website.

The Law in the Shetland and Orkney Islands

The pawning of the Shetland and Orkney Islands by King Christian of Denmark to King James 3 of Scotland was without time limit. The issue of the legal ownership of the islands has not been clarified in the centuries since, this creating issues for the legislative framework of the islands. Broadly speaking, the legal situation for the islands is that the earlier Norse law prevails unless there is reason for Scots Feudal Law to take precedent. In terms of the way in which the law affects healers in the islands, the islands are not part of the UK and healers should check whether local law applies in the same way as the laws applying to England that I am posting to this website.

The Law in Northern Ireland

The Act of Union of 1800 created the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, resulting in the abolition of the Parliament of Ireland and the creation of a new single Parliament of the United Kingdom with legislative responsibility for Ireland. Following the separation of what is now the Republic Of Ireland from British rule, the Government of Ireland Act 1920 established the Northern Ireland Parliament as the legislative assembly for Ulster. The Northern Ireland Parliament at Stormont was suspended in 1972 in connection with the political difficulties there and the passing of legislation relating to Northern Ireland reverted back to Westminster. The Northern Ireland Act 1998 created the Northern Ireland Assembly which was given substantive powers to pass legislation for Northern Ireland. Westminster currently retains rights to pass legislation for Northern Ireland on certain matters. The legislation affecting healers in Northern Ireland, therefore, will be a mixture of Irish Law and UK Law. In terms of the way in which the law affects healers in Northern Ireland, they should check whether UK or local law applies in the same way as the laws applying to England that I am posting to this website.

The Law in the Isle of Man

The Isle of Man was purchased by the British Crown in 1765 and is a Crown Dependency. It is not part of the UK. The Queen holds the title of Lord of Mann. The Isle of Man has its own Parliament, the Tynwald, which can trace its roots back to the administrative arrangements established by the Norsemen when they settled there. The Tynwald has a two chamber Assembly and passes its own legislation. In terms of the way in which the law affects healers on the island, they should check whether local law applies in the same way as the laws applying to England that I am posting to this website.

The Law in the Channel Islands

Jersey and Guernsey are Crown Dependencies and are not part of the UK. This status is a legacy from the time of William the Conqueror when England was invaded by the Norsemen of Normandy in France and when the islands were part of the Duchy of Normandy. Jersey and Guernsey have their own judicial systems. In terms of the way in which the law affects healers on the islands, they should check whether local law applies in the same way as the laws applying to England that I am posting to this website.

The Law in the Isles of Scilly

The Isles of Scilly are part of England and subject to either UK or English Law. The Council of the Isles of Scilly has the authority to consider the appropriateness of UK and English Law to the Islands. In terms of the way in which the law affects healers on the Islands, they should check any local variations to the laws applying to England.

European Union Law

The European Communities Act 1972 was passed prior to the UK joining what was then the European Economic Community, a forerunner of the present day European Union. This Act was passed to give European Law precedence over local law. The UK signed the Maastricht Treaty in 1992 which together with the ratification of the Amsterdam Treaty 1999 has resulted in a stronger law making process at the heart of the European Union in furtherance of its political agenda. Laws (or Regulations) passed by the European Union are binding in the UK but first have to be passed as legislation locally through the structure described above. Additionally, the EU may issue Directives which are not completed law but instructions to individual countries within the EU to legislate locally to achieve certain objectives in furtherance of the political agenda.

Posted 30^th January 2007.